Paper making machinery



Dec. 1, 1931. H. L. KUTTER ,85

l APER MAKING MACHINERY Filed Aug. 17, 1929 Patented Dec. 1, 1931 UITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HERMAN L. BUTTER, OF HAMILTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BLACK-CLAWSON COM- PANY, OF HAMILTON, 01110, A CORPORATION OF OHIO PAPER MAKING MACHINERY Application filed August 17, 1929. Serial No. 386,529.

This invention relates to paper making machinery, and more particularly to press rolls and the like.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide an improved form of roll for paper making machinery, constructed for the more ready removal of water from the formed or forming web, which is simple in design, sturdy and eflective in operation, and

adapted to be operated and maintainedxin operation with a minimum of effort and expense.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the specification and claims, and the drawings.

In the drawings, in which like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views thereof,

Fig. 1 isa diagrammatic side elevational View of a press roll 'unit embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view, with arts brokenaway and shown in section, 0 the lower roll of .Fig. 1, showing the invention in greater detail;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view through the press roll structure shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken approximately along the line 33 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View through one end of the lower press roll, substantially along the line 44 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, the numeral 10 designates the upper, and the numeral 11 the lower, of a pair of press rolls. As is well known in the paper making industry, the sheet or web of aper formed on the Fourdrinier part or cylinder mold machine in the usual manner is passed through press rolls which serve to express form the formed sheet or web a considerable portion of the moisture which still remains therein after the paper leaves the forming machine. The roll which forms the subject matter of this invention is particularly adaptable for use as the lower roll of such apress roll unit, and is'so illustrated. The formed paper web passing to the press roll unit, this being particularly the casein the earlier press roll units, is supported upon a felt 12, of which only a fragment is shown, this felt being in the usual practice a. continuous one supported over suitable rolls 13, and passing between and being driven by or with the two rolls of the press unit. The paper sheet or web 14 after passing between the nip of the rolls is separated from the web and passed on for further processing, either through additional press rolls, over drying rolls, or to whatever other form of apparatus may be used.

Even with the most improved Fourdrinier machines in which suction boxes are used beneath the wire to facilitate the removal of water from the forming sheet, a substantial percentage of the water of the stock remains in the sheet at the time it leaves the forming section. Inasmuch as the sheet must subsequently pass over drying cylinders or rolls which eva orate and drive olf the water contained in 1t, down to commercial dryness, it is commercially essential that a considerable portion of this water be removed from the sheet before it passes on to the drier section, as otherwise the cost will be excessive.

In the present invention the felt, and the paper sheet carried thereby, as they pass through the nip of the rolls are subjected to very heavy pressure which actually squeezes the water out of the paper. It is the usual practice to make the upper press roll 10 of granite, bronze, iron, wood, rubber, or some similar material, which will receive a high polish and at the same time is heavy and rigid. The upper press roll rests upon the paper with its own weight, or even with some additional pressure upon the bearings.

The lower roll of this invention, as shown in the drawings, comprises a cylindrical shell 20, of cast iron or other suitably strong metal, which in general form is like the usual cast iron lower press roll widely used in the industry, this shell having suitable supporting shafts 21 mounted in its opposite ends, whereby it may he rotatably supported in the. usual manner in framework. This shell has a plurality of longitudinal grooves 25 spaced around its periphery, these grooves preferably extending throughout the entire length of the shell. Carned 100 upon the outer periphery of the shell 20 is a cylindrical sleeve or shell 26 preferably of brassor bronze or some other similarmaterial such as is Widely used in the paper in- 5 dustry. This shell 26 is provided with a large number of passages 27 extending entirely therethrough. These passages, as shown in Fig. 3, are arranged so that their inner ends register with the Various longi- 1 tudinal grooves 25. As shown, the passages 27 are preferably arranged somewhat outwardly diverging, the outer passages of any one group being inclined to the radial While the central passages are substantially radial. While no arbitrary limit is meant to be set, the passages 27 will function very satisfactorily if drilled approximately of an inch in diameter, and the longitudinal grooves 25 into which they open, are machined or cast approximately two inches in width, one inch deep and spaced about onehalf an inch apart. Of course the width of these grooves cannot be made too great or the shell 26 will tend to collapse under the 25 very heavy pressures to which it is subjected.

In ordinary practice this shell is made from three-fourths of an inch to one inch thick, and with the grooves 25 two inches in width will withstand pressures much in excess of 30 those heretofore used with any rolls having special provision for the removal of the water.. In order that the lower roll may withstand sufliciently heavy pressures and be rigid throughout its length during use, the wall 20, throughout the length of the roll, is made quite thick,--on a twenty inch diameter roll a thickness of 2% inches belng very satisfactory, and on a thirty inch diameter roll a thickness of about four inches being suitable.

In operation with ordinary press rolls the pressure exerted upon the paper and the felt as they pass between the rolls causes the expressing of water therefrom which backs up and forms a pool of water upon the paper on the inlet side of the nip of the rolls, which seriously interferes with the effective removal of water from the paper web. With the present invention this pool of water is substantially or entirely lacking, the water 5 pressed out of the web and felt being free to pass through the passages 27 into the grooves 25. As the lower roll rotates the grooves 25 into which water has been thus pressed pass downwardly out of the zone of water expression and the expressed water is thus free to run out through the passages 27 a save-all 35 being usually provided to catch this extracted water. The ends of the grooves 25 being at open the water may also pass freely outwardly through these ends and flow down into the save-alL- Heretofore the efl'ectiveness of the ordinary press has been limited, irrespective of the degree of pressure applied, because of at the formation of the pool referred to. With a press of the character herein described as embodying the present invention, and with pressures not in excess of those heretofore ordinarily used, the amount of water extracted or removed from the paper web is... increased to a very marked degree, as much as twenty-five percent or more; and by increasing the pressures of the upper press upon the lower press materially beyond the pressures heretofore used, the amount of water thus in removed may be increased even more substantially, ranging upwardly to an increase of fifty percent or better over the conventional press arrangement.

During operation some of the very fine fibers, or other impurities, tend to flow through the passages 27 and to clog up those passages so that the free escape of water within the zone of roll travel outside the water expression zone is prevented. As shown, the press roll is provided with means for lntroducing a-pressure fluid into the grooves 25 to blow out or clean the passages 27 and also the grooves 25., This cleaning can of course be accomplished by merely introducing a pressure air or water nozzle, or a steam nozzle into one or both ends of the various grooves 25. In order that this cleaning may be accomplished readily without the necessity of interfering at all with the operatlon of the press, pressure headers 40 are provided each of which is slidably mounted upon a pressure fluid supply pipe41, suitable packing means shown diagrammatically at 42 being also provided. This arrangement is such that one or both of the pressure headers may be slid forward along the pipe 41 to bring it into sufliciently tight contact with the cooperating end of the roll 20, at whlch time suitable manipulation of the-valve 43 will introduce a pressure fluid into one or more of the grooves 25 to clean those grooves and also to clean the passages 27. As can be seen from Fig. 1 the pressure headers are arranged to cover a lurality of these grooves at one time. referably rubber packing, or the like, 44 is provided on the face of the pressure header 40 to make a suitably sealed joint at the end of the roll at the time the pressure is being introduced. If 115 found desirable, the pressure headers, or other means, may be left in position and the cleaning fluid continuously or intermittently introduced to the grooves during operation.

This arrangement in addition to being of advantage when the press roll is in operation, is also of material advantage during manufacture. When the press roll is constructed the outer shell 26 is arranged to fit so tightly about the surface of the roll that relative movement between them will not occur during' operation. As a result it becomes desirable to form the passages 27 after this shell is positioned in place upon the roll. The grooves 25 being open at the ends permit of the introduction of ressure fluid to blow out of the grooves t e borings produced during the forming of these passages.

While the form of apparatus herein de-. scribed constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the a ended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A bottom roll of the character described, for use with an upper roll of paper making machinery and the like, comprising a rigid body portion having peripheral ,grooves formed therein, and a comparatively thin cylindrical enclosing shell having rows of substantially cylindrical passages extending therethrough and opening into the said grooves, the spacing between adjacent holes being approximately equal to the hole diameter.

2. A bottom roll of the character described, for use with an upper roll of paper making machinery and the like, comprising a body portion having peripheral grooves formed longitudinally therein, and a comparatively thin cylindrical enclosing shell having cylindrical passages extending therethrough and opening into the said grooves, said grooves 'being open at their ends while in the water expressing zone, the spacing between adjacent passages being approximately equal to the diameter of the passages.

3. A roll of the character described, for use in paper making machinery and the. like, comprising a body portion having peripheral grooves formed therein, an enclosing shell having passages extending therethrough and opening into the said grooves, and provisions for connecting only some of said grooves to a source of pressure fluid.

' 4. A bottom roll of the character described, for use in paper making machinery and the like, comprising a body portion having peripheral grooves formed therein, an' enclosing shell having passages extending therethrough and opening'into the said grooves, and provisions for connecting only some of said grooves to a source of pressure fluid comprising a pressure header operatively associated with the roll and positioned to introduce pressure fluid into said grooves while outside of the water expressing zone.

5. A bottom roll of the character described, for use with an upper roll of paper making machinery and the like, comprising a body portion having peripheral grooves formed therein, an enclosing shell having passages extending therethrough and opening into the said grooves, and provisions for connecting the said grooves toa source of pressure flui comprising a pressure header at each end of signature.

ripheral surface, a separate comparatively thin cylindrical shell portion on said body portion having substantially cylindrical perforations therein leading ofl' the water expressed in the nip of the pressure unit, the diameters of the cylindrical perforations being substantially equal to the spacing between the perforations, and provisions for connecting the said grooves to a source of pressure fluid to introduce pressure fluid into said grooves while outside of the water expressing zone.

7. A roll of the character described, for use in paper making machinery and the like, and constructed to be substantially free from axial deflection and to withstand heavy pressures during use, comprising a substantially rigid body portion having peripheral grooves. formed in the surface thereof, an enclosing shell surrounding said body ortionl and having passages extending theret rough and opening into the said grooves, said pe-' ripheral grooves opening through the ends of said body portion of the roll, whereby said grooves may be connected to a source of pressure fluid. v

8. A roll of the character described, for use in paper making machinery and the like, and constructed to be substantially free from axialdeflection and to withstand heavy ressures during use, comprising a substantially rigid body portion having a plurality of peri heral grooves formed in the surface thereof said grooves being of a width of the order of two inches, an. enclosing shell surrounding said body portion and having passages extending therethrough and opening into the said grooves, said periheral grooves opening through the ends 0 said body portion of the roll, whereby said grooves may be connected to a source of pressure fluid.

In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my HERMAN L. KUTTER.

the roll operatively associated with the roll 

